Creates a directory, permissions are specified by $mode, modified by umask.
$mode
umask
$ret = mkdir( $file_name, $mode);
Suppose umask is 0022 and you say:
0022
$ret = mkdir( "test_dir", 0777);
test_dir is then created with drwxr-xr-x.
test_dir
drwxr-xr-x