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In [7]: !uname -a
Linux haso107d1 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux
In [8]: a = !uname -a
In [9]: a
Out[9]: ['Linux haso107d1 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux']
In [10]: b = "uname -a"
In [11]: a = !{b}
In [12]: a
Out[12]: ['Linux haso107d1 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.65-1+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux']
If the exclamation mark precedes a command, it is passed to the OS.